Atractospora reticulata
Atractospora reticulata Réblová & J. Fourn., sp. nov.
Etymology: Reticulum (L) meaning a network, referring to the ornamentation of the ascospore wall.
Sexual morph: Ascomata solitary, immersed or semi-immersed, venter subglobose to conical, dark brown, 170−270 μm diam., 250−350 μm high, lying horizontally on the substrate, collapsing upon drying, glabrous with sparse brown hyphae at the base. Neck lateral, curved upwards, 80−90 μm diam., 100−150(250) μm long, cylindrical, dark brown, red-brown at the apex. Ostiole periphysate. Ascomatal wall 15−20 μm thick, leathery, two-layered. Outer layer consisting of thick-walled, mid brown cells of textura prismatica, towards the interior grading into several layers of thin-walled subhyaline, flattened cells. Paraphyses hyaline, septate, slightly constricted at the septa, cylindrical, 5.0−7.0 μm wide, tapering, longer than the asci. Asci 180−200 × 9.0−10.5(12) μm (mean ± SD = 192.5 ± 2.5 × 10 ± 0.1 μm), in the sporiferous part 150−170 μm (mean ± SD= 163 ± 3.7) long, cylindrical, short-stipitate, apex obtuse to broadly rounded with a non-amyloid apical annulus ca. 4.0 μm diam., 2.0−2.5 μm high. Ascospores (18)19−23 × 7.0−8.0 μm (mean ± SD= 20.1± 0.2 × 7.6 ± 0.1 μm), fusiform, slightly inequilateral, three-septate, not constricted at the septa, thick-walled, delicately longitudinally furrowed, furrows forming a dense net-like pattern, hyaline, uniseriate or obliquely uniseriate in the ascus.
Characters in culture: Colonies on PDA reaching a radius of 15–20 mm after 30 d at 25 °C in darkness, circular, flat, with entire margin, felty. Colony surface pale brown towards the margin, reverse brown. Sporulation absent; aerial mycelium consisting of numerous unbranched, subhyaline to pale brown moniliform hyphae 2.5−3.0 μm wide and 4.0−5.0 μm wide in the broadest point.
Material examined: FRANCE, Midi-Pyrénées: Ariège, Rimont, Peyrau brook, 410 m a.s.l., on submerged wood of Sambucus nigra, leg. J. Fournier J.F. 09225, 14. 8. 2009. Holotype (PRM 934677), ex-type culture (CBS 127884), Ibid., leg. J. Fournier J.F. 08164, 24. 7. 2008; FRANCE, Midi-Pyrénées: Ariège, Rimont, La Maille brook, 550 m a.s.l., on submerged wood of Sambucus nigra, leg. J. Fournier J.F. 13063, 2. 4. 2013 (PRM 934678, living culture CBS 138740).
Habitat: On submerged deciduous wood in a stream, France.
Notes: Atractospora reticulata is easily recognized among other species of the genus by a conspicuous reticulate
Atractospora aquatica Z.L. Luo, K.D. Hyde & H.Y. Su
Index Fungorum number: IF555639, Facesoffungi number: FoF 05411
Etymology: Referring to the aquatic habitat of this fungus.
Holotype: MFLU 18–2322
Saprobic on decaying wood submerged in freshwater habitats. Asexual morph: Undetermined. Sexual morph: Ascomata 157–251 µm high, 154–234 µm diam., dark brown to black, solitary, semi-immersed to superficial, globose to subglobose, unilocular. Ostiole periphysate. Peridium 20–34 µm thick, consisting two-layers, outer layer consisting of thick-walled, mid brown cells of textura prismatica, towards the interior grading into several layers of thin-walled subhyaline, flattened cells. Paraphyses hyaline, unbranched, cylindrical. Asci 110–168 × 9–13 µm (mean = 139 × 11 µm, n = 20), 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical, with a slender, tapering stipe, apex broadly rounded, with a conspicuous, non-amyloid apical ring. Ascospores 15–19 × 7–9 µm (mean = 17 × 8 µm, n = 20), uniseriate or obliquely uniseriate, fusiform, guttulate, aseptate, hyaline, smooth-walled.
Material examined: CHINA, Yunnan Province, Cangshan Mountain, saprobic on decaying wood submerged in a freshwater stream, July 2017, H.W. Shen, S-1398 (MFLU 18–2322, holotype).
Notes: Atractospora aquatica resembles A. thailandensis in having globose to subglobose, unilocular, dark brown to black ascomata, hyaline, unbranched paraphyses, cylindrical asci with a slender, tapering stipe and conspicuous, non-amyloid, apical ring and fusiform, hyaline, aseptate, guttulate ascospores (Zhang et al. 2017a, b). However, Atractospora aquatica differs from A. thailandensis in having shorter asci (110–168 vs. 175–215 µm) and smaller ascospores (15–19 vs. 20–26 µm) with smaller guttules. Atractospora aquatica also resembles A. decumbens and A. reticulata in having solitary, dark brown ascomata, unitunicate, 8-spored, cylindrical asci and fusiform, hyaline ascospores uniseriate or obliquely uniseriate in the ascus (Réblová et al. 2016b). However, Atractospora aquatica differs from A. decumbens and A. reticulata in having shorter asci and aseptate ascospores, while A. decumbens and A. reticulata have 3-septate ascospores. Phylogenetic results show that Atractospora aquatica is distinct from other species of Atractospora.
Atractospora decumbens Réblová & J. Fourn Distribution: France, Midi-Pyrénées: Ariège, Rimont, L’ Estanque brook, on submerged wood of Sambucus nigra in a stream (Réblová et al. 2016b).
Asexual morph: Undetermined
Notes: Holotype PRM 934676. ITS, LSU, SSU and RPB2 sequence data are available.
Atractospora ellipsoidea (Ho et al.) Réblová & J. Fourn
≡Aquaticola ellipsoidea Ho et al., Fungal Divers 3: 90 (1999)
Distribution: Brunei, Tutong River, on submerged wood (Fryar et al. 2004); China, Hong Kong, Tai Po, Tai Po Kau Forest Stream, on submerged wood of Machilus velutina (Ho et al. 1999c); USA, North Carolina (Campbell and Shearer 2004).
Asexual morph: Undetermined
Notes: Holotype HKU (M) 6033 (now in IFRD). LSU sequence data is available.
Atractospora thailandensis Dong et al.
Material examined: THAILAND, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, on submerged wood in a small River (Zhang et al. 2017).
Asexual morph: Undetermined
Notes: Holotype HKAS 96226. ITS, LSU, SSU, RPB2 and TEF1a sequence data are available.
Atractospora verruculosa Réblová & J. Fourn
Material examined: FRANCE, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Lescun, Borde Bayé, Lescun stream, on submerged wood of Alnus glutinosa (Réblová et al. 2016b).
Asexual morph: Undetermined
Notes: Holotype PRM 934679. ITS, LSU, SSU and RPB2 sequence data are available.
References
Campbell J, Shearer CA. 2004 – Annulusmagnus and Ascitendus, two new genera in the Annulatascaceae. Mycologia 96, 822–833.
Ho WH, Tsui CKM, Hodgkiss IJ, Hyde KD. 1999 – Aquaticola, a new genus of Annulatascaceae from freshwater habitats. Fungal Diversity 3, 87–97.
Luo ZL, Hyde KD, Liu JK, Maharachchikumbura SSN et al. 2019 – Freshwater Sordariomycetes. Fungal Diversity 99, 451–660.
Réblová M, Fournier J, Štěpánek V. 2016a - Two new lineages of aquatic ascomycetes: Atractospora gen. nov. and Rubellisphaeria gen. et sp. nov., and a sexual morph of Myrmecridium montsegurinum sp. nov. Mycol Progress (2016) 15: 21.
Reblová M, Miller AN, Rossman AY, Seifert KA et al. 2016b - Recommendations for competing sexual-asexually typified generic names in Sordariomycetes (except Diaporthales, Hypocreales, and Magnaporthales). IMA fungus 7, 131-153.
Zhang H, Dong W, Hyde KD, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Hongsanan S, Bhat DJ, Al-Sadi AM, Zhang D. 2017a – Towards a natural classification of Annulatascaceae-like taxa: introducing Atractosporales ord. nov. and six new families. Fungal Divers 85:75–110
Zhang ZF, Liu F, Zhou X, Liu XZ, Liu SJ, Cai L. 2017b – Culturable mycobiota from Karst caves in China, with descriptions of 20 new species. Persoonia 39:1–31[u1]