Pleosporales

Pleosporales Luttr. ex M.E. Barr.

Index Fungorum number: IF 90563; Facesoffungi number: FoF 08715

 

Pleosporales is the largest order in the Dothideomycetes, comprising a quarter of all dothideomycetous species (Hyde et al. 2013, Liu et al. 2017). Luttrell (1955) invalidly introduced the order Pleosporales and later validly established by Barr (1987b), based on the family Pleosporaceae with the type species Pleospora herbarum (Barr 1987a). Pleosporalean species show a cosmopolitan distribution in worldwide, as epiphytes, saprobes, endophytes or parasites, pathogens, hyperparasites on fungi or insects and or as lichenized fungi (Zhang et al. 2012, Hyde et al. 2013, Wanasinghe et al. 2018, Mapook et al. 2020). Pleosporales are characterised by perithecioid ascomata typically with a papilla and bitunicate, generally fissitunicate asci bearing mostly septate ascospores of different colours and shapes, with or without a gelatinous sheath (Zhang et al. 2012, Hyde et al. 2013, Jaklitsch & Voglmayr 2016, Jaklitsch et al. 2018). Asexual morphs of the Pleosporales are usually coelomycetous, but also can be hyphomycetous (Zhang et al. 2012, Hyde et al. 2013). Hyde et al. (2013) included 41 families in Pleosporales while in a recent study by Wijayawardene et al. (2018) listed 75 families in Pleosporales. Based on both morphology and phylogeny evidence, Pleosporales comprises 91 families in the comprehensive list of Hongsanan et al. (2020). The divergence time for Pleosporales is estimated as 205 MYA (stem age) (Hongsanan et al. 2020).

 

References

Barr ME (1987a) New taxa and combinations in the Loculoascomycetes. Mycotaxon 29:501–505

Barr ME (1987b) Prodromus to class Loculoascomycetes. University of Massachusetts, Amherst Hongsanan et al. (2020)

Hongsanan S, Hyde KD, Phookamsak R, et al (2020) Refined families of Dothideomycetes: Dothideomycetidae and Pleosporomycetidae. Mycosphere 11:1553–2107. https://doi.org/10.5943/MYCOSPHERE/11/1/13

Hyde KD, Jones EBG, Liu JK, et al (2013) Families of Dothideomycetes. Fungal Divers 63:1–313. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-013-0263-4

Jaklitsch WM, Fournier J, Voglmayr H (2018) Two unusual new species of Pleosporales: Anteaglonium rubescens and Atrocalyx asturiensis. Sydowia 70:129–140. https://doi.org/10.12905/0380.sydowia70-2018-0129

Jaklitsch WM, Voglmayr H (2016) Hidden diversity in Thyridaria and a new circumscription of the Thyridariaceae. Stud Mycol 85:. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2016.09.002

Liu JK, Hyde KD, Jeewon R, et al (2017) Ranking higher taxa using divergence times: a case study in Dothideomycetes. Fungal Divers 84:75–99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-017-0385-1

Luttrell ES (1955) The ascostromatic Ascomycetes. Mycologia 47:511–532

Mapook A, Hyde KD, McKenzie EHC, et al (2020) Taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungi associated with the invasive weed Chromolaena odorata (Siam weed). Fungal Divers 101:101, 1–175. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-020-00444-8

Wanasinghe DN, Phukhamsakda C, Hyde KD, et al (2018) Fungal diversity notes 709–839: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa with an emphasis on fungi on Rosaceae. Fungal Divers 89:1–221. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-018-0395-7

Wijayawardene NN, Hyde KD, Lumbsch HT, et al (2018) Outline of Ascomycota: 2017. Fungal Divers 88:167–263. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-018-0394-8

Zhang Y, Crous PW, Schoch CL, Hyde KD (2012) Pleosporales. Fungal Divers 53:1–221. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-011-0117-x

 

Recent Genus

1
Neochlamydotubeufia
Neohelicomyces

Recent Species

Neohelicomyces submersus
Neohelicomyces hyalosporus
Neohelicomyces grandisporus