Lindgomyces
Lindgomyces K. Hiray., Kaz. Tanaka & Shearer
Index Fungorum number: IF515188
Saprobic on submerged woody plant. Sexual morph: Ascomata scattered to clustered, semi-immersed to nearly superficial, ellipsoidal or lenticular, subglobose to globose, uniloculate, glabrous, dark brown to black, with ostiolate papilla. Peridium composed of hyaline to brown, small, thin-walled cells, sometimes poorly developed at the base. Pseudoparaphyses numerous, cellular, hyaline, septate, branched, anastomosing. Asci 8-spored bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindrical to clavate, sessile to minutely pedicellate, rounded at the apex, with an ocular chamber. Ascospores bi- to tri-seriate, fusiform to cylindrical, straight to slightly curved, hyaline to pale brown, with a median primary septum, smooth or finely verruculose, thin-walled, usually covered with a sheath or bearing bipolar mucilaginous appendages. Senescent ascospores brown, > 3-septate (Hirayama et al. 2010). Asexual morph: Undetermined. (Description from Dong et al. 2020)
Type species: Lindgomyces ingoldianus (Shearer & K.D. Hyde) K. Hiray., Kaz. Tanaka & Shearer
Notes: All Lindgomyces species have been reported from freshwater habitats (see list below). Lindgomyces was typified by Massarina ingoldiana Shearer & K.D. Hyde, which is a species complex with some strains assigned to Lindgomyces, and others to Tingoldiago (Hirayama et al. 2010). The fusiform to cylindrical ascospores with a sheath or bearing bipolar mucilaginous appendages are main characters of Lindgomyces.
List of freshwater Lindgomyces species
Lindgomyces angustiascus Raja, A.N. Mill. & Shearer, Mycoscience 54(5): 357 (2013)
Freshwater distribution: USA (Raja et al. 2013)
Lindgomyces apiculatus K. Hiray. & Kaz. Tanaka, Mycologia 103(6): 1424 (2011)
Freshwater distribution: Japan (Raja et al. 2011)
Lindgomyces aquaticus W. Dong, H. Zhang & K.D. Hyde, in Dong et al., Fungal Diversity: 10.1007/s13225-020-00463-5, [110] (2020)
Freshwater distribution: Thailand (Dong et al. 2020)
Lindgomyces breviappendiculatus (Kaz. Tanaka, Sat. Hatak. & Y. Harada) K. Hiray. & Kaz. Tanaka, Mycologia 102(3): 738 (2010)
Basionym: Lophiostoma breviappendiculatum Kaz. Tanaka, Sat. Hatak. & Y. Harada, Mycoscience 46(5): 288 (2005)
Freshwater distribution: Japan (Tanaka et al. 2005; Hirayama et al. 2010)
Lindgomyces carolinensis Raja, J. Fourn., Paguigan & Oberlies, Mycol. Progr. 16(5): 542 (2017)
Freshwater distribution: North Carolina (Raja et al. 2017)
Lindgomyces cigarosporus Raja, J. Fourn., Paguigan & Oberlies [as ‘cigarospora’], Mycol. Progr. 16(5): 543 (2017)
Freshwater distribution: North Carolina (Raja et al. 2017)
Lindgomyces cinctosporus Raja, A.N. Mill. & Shearer [as ‘cinctosporae’], Mycologia 86102(3): 738 (2010)
Freshwater distribution: USA (Hirayama et al. 2010)
Lindgomyces griseosporus Y. Zhang ter, J. Fourn. & K.D. Hyde, Mycoscience 56(1): 43–48 (2014)
Freshwater distribution: France and Spain (Zhang et al. 2014)
Lindgomyces ingoldianus (Shearer & K.D. Hyde) K. Hiray., Kaz. Tanaka & Shearer, Mycologia 102(3): 733 (2010)
Basionym: Massarina ingoldiana Shearer & K.D. Hyde, Mycologia 89(1): 114 (1997)
Freshwater distribution: Australia (Shearer and Hyde 1997), Brunei (Shearer and Hyde 1997), China (Tsui et al. 2000), Japan (Hirayama et al. 2010), Malaysia (Hyde and Aptroot 1998b), Thailand (Sivichai et al. 2002), USA (Shearer and Hyde 1997)
Lindgomyces lemonweirensis Raja, A.N. Mill. & Shearer, Mycologia 103(6): 1428 (2011)
Freshwater distribution: USA (Raja et al. 2011)
Lindgomyces madisonensis Raja & Oberlies, Persoonia, Mol. Phyl. Evol. Fungi 35: 307 90(2015)
Freshwater distribution: USA (Crous et al. 2015)
Lindgomyces okinawaensis Tak. Takah. & Kaz. Tanaka, Fungal Diversity 78: 35 (2016); Fig. 57i
Freshwater distribution: Japan (Li et al. 2016)
Lindgomyces pseudomadisonensis Tak. Takah. & Kaz. Tanaka, Fungal Diversisty 81 (2016);
Freshwater distribution: Japan (Hyde et al. 2016)
Lindgomyces rotundatus K. Hiray. & Kaz. Tanaka, Mycologia 102(3): 733 (2010)
Freshwater distribution: Japan and USA (Hirayama et al. 2010)
Key to freshwater Lindgomyces species
1. Ascospores hyaline, smooth......................................................................... 2
1. Ascospores grey-brown, smooth to verruculose......................... L. griseosporus
2. Ascospores surrounded by a large, expanding gelatinous sheath..................... 3
2. Ascospores without expanding sheath........................................................... 4
3. Ascospores fusiform with acute ends.......................................... L. ingoldianus
3. Ascospores cylindrical with rounded ends..................................... L. rotundatus
4. Ascospores with terminal gelatinous appendages........................................... 5
4. Ascospores without terminal gelatinous appendages..................................... 10
5. Ascospores < 43 µm long............................................................................. 6
5. Ascospores > 43 µm long............................................................................. 7
6. Asci 100–157 × 14–16 μm...................................................... L. madisonensis
6. Asci 85–125 × 17–25(–27) mm..................................................... L. apiculatus
7. Sheath evanescent.................................................................. L. carolinensis
7. Sheath not evanescent................................................................................ 8
8. Ascospores up to 70 μm long, with short, rounded, terminal ephemeral appendages L. cigarosporus
8. Ascospores < 60 μm long............................................................................. 9
9. Ascospores 47–58 × 9–12 µm................................................. L. angustiascus
9. Ascospores (40–)44–60 × (9.5–)11–17.5 µm.................... L. breviappendiculatus
10. Ascospores < 10 µm wide.......................................... L. pseudomadisonensis
10. Ascospores > 10 µm wide......................................................................... 11
11. Ascospores without sheath....................................................................... 12
11. Ascospores with a sheath......................................................................... 13
12. Ascospores (59–)68–71 × 12–16 μm............................................ L. aquaticus
12. Ascospores (38–)40–48(–51) × (10–)12–19 µm........................ L. okinawaensis
13.Ascospores 40–58 × 10–18 µm, with an amorphous gelatinous sheath............... L. cinctosporus
13.Ascospores 30–44 × 10–15 µm, with an oval, ephemeral sheath...................... L. lemonweirensis
Fig 1. Lindgomyces spp. (Material examined: USA, Wisconsin, Adams County, Lemonweir River, on submerged decorticated woody debris, 31 July 1992, CAS and JLC, A-39-1, ILLS 52289, holotype; JAPAN, Okinawa, Iriomote, Oomijya River, on submerged decorticated woody debris, 28 September 2007, KH 100; ibid., Aomori, Hirosaki, Aoki, Mohei-pond, on submerged twigs of woody plant, 3 May 2003, KT 1108, HHUF 28988, holotype; ibid., Hokkaido, Akkeshi, Ootakita, Sattebetsu River, on submerged wood, 7 September 2003, KT 1399, HHUF 28194, holotype; ibid., Okinawa, Kunigami, Aha, Tanagakumui, small river, on submerged dead twigs of woody plant, 19 May 2015, K. Tanaka et al., KT 3531, HHUF 30498, holotype; ibid., Aomori, Nishimeya, Seisyu trail, Ooshirosawa River, on submerged dead twigs of woody plant, 28 August 2010, K. Tanaka et al., KT 2742, HHUF 30513, holotype; ibid., Hirosaki, Aoki, Mohei Pond, on submerged woody debris, 7 December 2002, KT 966, HHUF 27883, holotype). a–f L. ingoldianus (a, c, d from ILLS52289, holotype; b from KH 100; e, f from culture of ATCC 200398). A Ascomata on the host surface. b Section of ascoma. c Pseudoparaphyses. d Ascus. e Ascospore with an elongate sheath. f Ascospore. g Ascospore of L. apiculatus (KT 1108, holotype). h Ascospore of L. breviappendiculatus (culture of KT 1399). I Ascospore of L. okinawaensis (culture of KT 3531). j Ascospore of L. pseudomadisonensis (culture of KT 2742). k Ascospore of L. rotundatus (culture of KT 966). Scale bars: a = 1000 μm, b = 100 μm, c–k = 10 μm
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