Lentistoma bipolare
Lentistoma bipolare (K.D. Hyde) A. Hashim., K. Hiray. & Kaz. Tanak
Basionym: Massarina bipolaris K.D. Hyde, Nova Hedwigia 61(1-2): 131 (1995)
Synonymy: Lophiostoma bipolare (K.D. Hyde) E.C.Y. Liew, Aptroot & K.D. Hyde, Mycologia 94(5): 812 (2002)
Index Fungorum number: IF 823137
Holotype: BRIP 21489
Epitype: HHUF 30577
Etymology: Referring to the bipolar sheath.
Saprobic on submerged decaying wood. Sexual morph: Ascomata subglobose, scattered, immersed, dark brown to black, 160–200 μm high, 470–540 μm diam. Ostiolar neck crest-like, elongated, laterally compressed, 100–125 μm high, 210–225 μm wide, composed of globose, brown to black cells, with hyaline periphyses, surrounded by a well-developed clypeus (up to 500 μm wide). Peridium uniform, 25–45 μm thick at side, composed of 5–7 layers of rectangular, thin-walled, 12.5–15 × 5 μm, brown cells. Pseudoparaphyses numerous, 1–2 μm wide, septate, branched and anastomosed. Asci bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindrical-clavate, (82–)105–140 × 8–15 μm (x̅ = 119.9 × 10.9 μm, n = 30), with a stipe (7.5–18.5 μm long, x̅ = 11.7 μm, n = 11), apically rounded with a broad ocular chamber, 8-spored. Ascospores fusiform with obtuse ends, 20–33 × 5.5–9(–11) μm (x̅ = 27.0 × 7.2 μm, n = 216), l/w 2.5–4.8 (x̅ = 3.8, n = 216), hyaline, with a septum nearly median (0.46–0.55, x̅ = 0.50, n = 216), slightly constricted at the septum, smooth, with a narrow sheath. Sheath drawn out 5–10 μm long at both ends, with a cap-like structure at tips of the sheath, with an internal chamber at both ends of ascospores. Asexual morph: Undetermined. (Descriptions from Hashimoto et al. 2018)
Material examined: AUSTRALIA, Queensland, Kauri Creek, on woody plant, 23 May 2003 (HHUF 30576, dried culture specimen made from culture CBS 115370). CHINA, Hong Kong, Tai Po Country Park, on submerged wood, Aug. 1993, K.D. Hyde (BRIP 21489, holotype); Sai Kung, Highland Reservoir, on submerged wood, 3 May 2003 (HHUF 30575, dried culture specimen made from culture JCM 14139 = CBS 110448); Mt. Nicholson, on woody plant, 9 Sep. 2003 (HHUF 30577, dried culture specimen made from culture CBS 115375, epitype designated here; MBT379010). JAPAN, Okinawa, Isl. Iriomote, near Kampire waterfall, on dead herbaceous plant, 27 Sep. 2007, K. Tanaka & H. Yonezawa, KT 2415 (HHUF 30573; culture CBS 143651); ibid., on dead twigs of woody plant, 5 Aug. 2012, K. Tanaka, KT 3056 (HHUF 30574; culture CBS 143652); Oomijya river, on submerged dead twigs of woody plant, 22 Nov. 2008, K. Hirayama & K. Tanaka, KH 214 (HHUF 30578; culture CBS 143647); ibid., on submerged dead twigs of woody plant, 12 Jul. 2011, K. Hirayama & K. Tanaka, KH 311 (HHUF
30581; culture CBS 143650); near Maryudu waterfalls, on herbaceous plant, 21 Nov. 2008, K. Hirayama & K. Tanaka, KH 216 (HHUF 30579; culture CBS 143648); ibid., on submerged dead twigs of woody plant, 21 Nov. 2008, K. Hirayama & K. Tanaka, KH 222 (HHUF 30580; culture CBS 143649).
Notes: The phylogenetic and morphological studies of Hashimoto et al. (2018) revealed 11 species scattered among Lophiostomataceae. They were originally misidentified as Lo. bipolare based on the morphological resemblance of their ascospores, but a precise morphological observation of the Lo. bipolare complex including its holotype (BRIP 21489) distinguished the Lo. bipolare s. str. from other species of the Lo. bipolare complex on the basis of a clypeus around the ostiolar neck; an internal chamber at both ends of the ascospores; and a bipolar sheath with a cap-like structure at the tips. Here, we designated an epitype specimen (HHUF 30577) that was collected from the same country as the holotype specimen. Although the species was previously reported to have been collected from either freshwater or marine habitats (Hyde et al. 2002, Shearer & Raja 2010), this is the first report of the species from a terrestrial habitat. (Notes from Hashimoto et al. 2018)
Freshwater Distribution: Australia, Brunei, China, Japan, Malaysia, Seychelles, South Africa, Thailand, USA
Fig. 1 Lentistoma bipolare. A–F. Appearance of ascomata on substrate. G. Ascomata in culture. H–J. Ascomata in longitudinal section. K. Peridium. L. Ostiolar neck of ascoma. M. Pseudoparaphyses. N, O. Asci. P–U. Ascospores (arrowheads indicate an internal chamber in U). V. Senescent ascospore. A, E, I, T, U from HHUF 30578; B from HHUF 30574; C, D, O from HHUF 30573; F, M, N, P from BRIP 21489 (holotype); G from culture CBS 115370; H, K, L, S, V from HHUF 30579; J, R from culture CBS 115375 (ex-epitype); Q from culture CBS 143652. Scale bars: A–C, G = 1 mm; D–F = 100 μm; H–J = 50 μm; K–O = 10 μm; P–V=5 μm. (Hashimoto et al. 2018)
References
Hashimoto A, Hirayama K, Takahashi H, Matsumura M, Okada G, Chen CY, Huang JW, Kakishima M, Ono T, Tanaka K (2018) Resolving the Lophiostoma bipolare complex: generic delimitations within Lophiostomataceae. Stud Mycol 90:161–189
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