Pleosporales » Lophiostomataceae » Lophiostoma

Lophiostoma proprietunicatum

Lophiostoma proprietunicatum (K.M. Tsui, K.D. Hyde & Hodgkiss) Aptroot & K.D. Hyde

Basionym: Massarina proprietunicata K.M. Tsui, K.D. Hyde & Hodgkiss, Mycol. Res. 103(12): 1575 (1999)

Index Fungorum number: IF 375317

Holotype: HKU (M) 8058

Etymology: from the Latin proprie and tunicata, meaning ‘special’ and ‘sheath’, in reference to the narrow mucilaginous sheath which is drawn out to form long, tapering appendages, with thickened, arrowhead-like tips

 

Sexual morph: Ascomata 280–440 µm high, 300–520 µm diam., immersed, partly immersed, or erumpent, subglobose or globose, gregarious, ostiolate, papillate, black. Neck 100–300 µm high, 50–150 µm diam., conical, rounded, periphysate and black. Peridium 20–50 µm wide, melanized around the neck; comprising 5–8 layers of brown, elongated or angular cells, which are flattened at the base of the ascoma. Pseudoparaphyses 1.5–2.5 µm wide, cellular, filamentous, septate, anastomosing. Asci 75–120 × 15–20 µm (x̅ = 100 × 18.5 µm), 8-spored, cylindrical or cylindric-clavate, pedicellate, fissitunicate, with an ocular chamber (not shown here). Ascospores 21–28 × 5–7 µm (x̅ = 25 × 6 µm, n = 50), overlapping-biseriate, 1-septate, fusiform, smooth (under interference microscope), with verrucose wall ornamentation (in SEM), with acute ends, slightly constricted at the septum, hyaline, surrounded by a narrow mucilaginous sheath, 18–26 µm long (from each ascospore tip to the end of the sheath), which is drawn out at the poles to form tapering appendages; tips of appendages are thickened, and arrowhead-like). Asexual morph: Undetermined. (Description from Tsui et al. 1999)

 

Material examined: CHINA, Hong Kong, Terrae novae, Tai Po, Lam Tsuen River, On decaying submerged wood, Sep. 1997, K. M. Tsui, KM232 (HKU(M) 8058)

 

Notes: Massarina proprietunicata (as Lophiostoma proprietunicatum) shares similarities with several aquatic Massarina species which also produce ascospores bearing mucilaginous sheath or tapering appendages, such as M. armatispora K. D. Hyde, Vrijmoed, Chinnaraj & E. B. G. Jones, M. bipolaris K. D. Hyde, M. frondisubmersa K. D. Hyde, M. ingoldiana Shearer & K. D. Hyde, and M. lunispora K. D. Hyde & Goh (Hyde et al. 1992; Hyde 1994, 1995; Shearer & Hyde 1997; Hyde & Goh 1998). Massarina armatispora differs, however, in having consistently larger ascospores, and lacking thickened, arrowhead-like tips on the tapering appendages. Massarina proprietunicata is unique in producing verrucose ornamented ascospores without apical spines, though its ascospores are similar to M. bipolaris and M. frondisubmersa in size and shape. There are also no thickened, arrowhead tips associated with the tapering appendages in these two species. The mucilaginous sheaths surrounding ascospores of M. lunispora and M. ingoldiana are also distinct as they are C-shaped or moon-shaped (Hyde & Goh, 1998), and have an enlarged, mucilaginous sheath without a definite margin (Shearer & Hyde, 1997). This may enable efficient dispersal and colonization in habitats with rapid flowing water (Shearer & Hyde, 1997). The ascospores of M. ingoldiana are also consistently larger. The ascospores of M. proprietunicata are illustrated as they were discharged from endoascus, which have been also observed in M. ingoldiana (Shearer & Hyde, 1997). (Notes from Tsui et al. 1999)

 

Freshwater distribution: China (Tsui et al. 1999)

 

Fig. 1 Lophiostoma proprietunicatum 1 Papilla of ascomata on wood surface. 2 Section of an ascoma in wood. 3 Section of an ascomal papilla. 4 Peridium. 5 Squash mount of fresh material with asci and ascospores. 6 Fissitunicate dehiscence. 7 Ascospores discharging from endoascus. Scale bars: 1 = 400 µm, 2 = 300 µm, 3 = 100 µm, 4 = 50 µm, 5 = 40 µm, 6–7 = 20 µm. (Tsui et al. 1999)

 

References

Hyde KD, Goh TK (1998) Fungi on submerged wood in Lake Barrine, north Queensland, Australia. Mycol Res 102:739–749. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756297005868

Hyde KD (1994) Aquatic fungi on rachides of Livistona in the Western Province of Papua New Guinea. Mycol Res 98:719–725. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)81043-5

Hyde KD (1995) Tropical Australian freshwater fungi. VII. Some genera and species of ascomycetes. Nov Hedwigia 61:119–140.

Hyde KD, Vrijmoed LLP, Chinnaraj S, Jones EBG (1992) Massarina armatispora sp. nov., a new intertidal ascomycete from mangroves. Bot Mar 35:325–328. https://doi.org/10.1515/botm.1992.35.4.325

Shearer CA, Hyde KD (1997) Massarina ingoldiana, a new ascomycete from freshwater habitats. Mycologia 89:114–119. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1997.12026762

Tsui KM, Goh TK, Hyde KD, Hodgkiss IJ (1999) Reflections on the genus Menisporospsis, with the addition of M. multisetulata sp. nov. from submerged wood in Hong Kong. Mycol Res 103:148–152

Tsui KM, Hyde KD, Hodgkiss IJ (1999) Massarina proprietunicata sp. nov., from submerged wood in streams in Hong Kong. Mycol Res 103(12):1575-1578

 

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