Byssosphaeria schiedermayriana
Byssosphaeria schiedermayriana (Fuckel) M.E. Barr, Mycotaxon 20(1): 34 (1984)
Basionym: Herpotrichia schiedermayriana Fuckel [as 'schiedermayeriana'], Jb. nassau. Ver. Naturk. 27-28: 27 (1874) [1873-74]
Synonymy: Byssosphaeria keithii (Berk. & Broome) Cooke [as 'keitii'], Grevillea 7(no. 43): 84 (1879)
Herpotrichia keithii (Berk. & Broome) Sacc. [as 'keitii'], Syll. fung. (Abellini) 2: 212 (1883)
Herpotrichia schiedermayeriana var. caldariorum Henn., Hedwigia 34(Beibl.): (102) (1895)
Psilosphaeria keithii (Berk. & Broome) Cooke [as 'keitii'], Grevillea 16(no. 78): 51 (1887)
Sphaeria keithii Berk. & Broome, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., Ser. 4 17: 144 (1876)
Index Fungorum number: IF 634636; Facesoffungi number: FoF 01027
Saprobic on decaying wood. Sexual morph: Ascomata 423–511 μm high × 478–537 μm diam., solitary to gregarious, superficial, with basal subiculum, globose to subglobose, apical ostiolate, covered by thick, branched hyphae, with roughened, black wall. Ostiole single, central, epapillate, orange and greenish around pore. Peridium 40–50 μm wide, 3-layered, outer layer composed of brown thick-walled cells of textura epidermoidea, middle layer composed of large pale brown cells of textura angularis, inner layer composed of small hyaline cells, merging into pseudoparaphyses. Hamathecium 1–1.5(−2) μm wide, comprising dense, filiform, long trabeculate pseudoparaphyses, anastomosing and branching between and above asci. Asci 100–135 × 10–13 μm (x̅ = 119.5 × 11 μm, n = 10), 8-spored, bitunicate, cylindrical-subclavate or saccate, pedicel 30–35 μm long, apically thickened and rounded with negligible ocular chamber. Ascospores 36–49 × 9–12 μm (x̅ = 46 × 10 μm, n = 10), bi-seriate, hyaline to pale brown, cylindrical-fusiform, slightly curved, 1(−3)-septate, constricted at the septa, surrounded by a gelatinous sheath, with hyaline appendages at each acute to subacute end or appendages lacking, smooth-walled. Asexual morph: Coelomycetous formed in culture. Pycnidia 70–500 μm diam, in concentric rings or in the aerial mycelium, globose, light brown to black, surrounded by long hyphal-like hair, ostiolate. Pycnidial wall of textura angularis. Conidiogenous cells 5–10 × 3–6 μm, phialidic, lining cavity, nearly globose or more elongated. Conidia 2.5–3.5(−4) × 1.5–2(−3) μm, hyline, ellipsoid or subglobose (Samuels and Müller 1978).
Cultural characteristics: Ascospores germinating on MEA within 12 h. Colonies on MEA, slow growing, reaching 5 mm diam. after 7 days at 28 °C. Mycelium superficial, primary white, later becomeing light yellow, hairy, with entire edge.
Material examined: THAILAND, Chiang Mai, Mae Taeng, Mae Sae Waterfall, on decaying wood of unidentified tree, N 19°14′ E 98°39, 962 msl., 7 September 2009, S. Boonmee MS-01 (MFLU 10–0030, reference specimen designed here); living culture MFLUCC 10–0100 = IFRD 2178.
Notes: This fungus was collected on decaying wood from Thailand. Morphologically, it is similar to Byssosphaeria schiedermayeriana, and multi-gene analysis shows that this strain groups with B. schiedermayeriana. Thus, we designate a reference specimen (Ariyawansa et al. 2014), here for B. schiedermayeriana. (Notes from Tian et al. 2015)
Freshwater distribution: Seychelles (Hyde and Goh 1998)
Fig 1. Byssosphaeria schiedermayeriana (reference specimem) a Substrate with a close up of ascoma. b, c Section through ascoma and peridium. d Pseudoparaphyses. e, f Asci. g j Ascospores. Scale bars: a, b = 200 μm, c–f = 20 μm, g–j = 10 μm. (Tian et al. 2015)
Fig 2. Culture of Byssosphaeria schiedermayeriana a Germinating ascospore. b, c Colonies on MEA, upper surface and lower surface. Scale bars: a = 10 μm, b–c = 10 mm (Tian et al. 2015)
References
Ariyawansa HA, Hawksworth DL, Hyde KD, Jones EBG, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Manamgoda DS, Thambugala KM, Udayanga D, Camporesi E, Daranagama A, Jayawardena R, Liu JK, McKenzie EHC, Phookamsak R, Senanayake IC, Shivas RG, Tian Q, Xu JC (2014b) Epitypification and neotypification: guidelines with appropriate and inappropriate examples. Fungal Divers 69(1):57–91
Samuels GJ, Müller E (1978) Life-history studies of Brazilian ascomycetes 4. Three species of Herpotricia and their Pyrenochaeta-like anamorphs. Sydowia 31:157–168
Tian Q, Liu JK, Hyde KD, Wanasinghe DN, Boonmee S, Jayasiri SC, Luo ZL, Taylor JE, Phillips AJL, Bhat DJ (2015) Phylogenetic relationships and morphological reappraisal of Melanommataceae (Pleosporales). Fungal Divers 74:267–324
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