Pleosporales » Nigrogranaceae » Nigrograna

Nigrograna aquatica

Nigrograna aquatica W. Dong, H. Zhang & K.D. Hyde

Index Fungorum number: IF557907; Facesoffungi number: FoF09250

Etymology: in reference to aquatic habitat of this fungus

Holotype: MFLU 17-1661

 

Saprobic on submerged wood in freshwater. Sexual morph: Undetermined. Asexual morph: Synnemata 110–125 × 8.5–14.5 μm (x̄ = 118 × 11.8 μm, n = 5), superficial, effuse, gregarious, black, upper part covered with a white or pale grey powdery mass of conidia, composed of paralleled conidiophores. Mycelium mostly immersed, composed of septate, pale brown, smooth hyphae. Conidiophores 100–120 × 1.5–2 μm (x̄ = 100.5 × 1.7 μm, n = 15), macronematous, synnematous on substratum, not compacted, become divergent after mounted in water, unbranched, septate, not constricted at the septa, smooth, dark brown at the base, gradually paler towards the apex, flared in upper part. Conidiogenous cells 4–7.5 × 1.7–2.5 μm (x̄ = 5.6 × 2.2 μm, n = 10), polyblastic, terminal or intercalary, integrated when terminal and discrete when intercalary, sympodial, smooth, swollen subcylindrical, flask-shaped, ampulliform, curved or straight, denticulate, covered with several conidiogenous loci at the upper part, hyaline to subhyaline. Conidia 6–7 × 2–2.5 μm (x̄ = 6.6 × 2.2 μm, n = 15), solitary, acrogenous, simple, dry, ellipsoidal or cylindrical, smooth, thin-walled, aseptate, hyaline. (Descriptions from Dong et al. 2020)

 

Culture characteristics: On PDA, colony circular, reaching 25 mm diam. in 30 days at 25 °C, brown to grey from above, dark brown from below, surface rough, with dense mycelium, dry, raised, edge entire.

 

Material examined: THAILAND, Phayao Province, on submerged wood in a stream, 4 August 2017, G.N. Wang, G11 (MFLU 17-1661, holotype), ex-type living culture MFLUCC 17-2318.

 

Notes: Nigrograna aquatica is morphologically similar to Phaeoisaria species which are characterized by synnematous conidiophores with polyblastic, sympodial conidiogenous cells (Cai et al. 2006). However, they cannot be congeneric because N. aquatica differs in having not compacted synnemata which easily become divergent after mounted in water. In contrast, the conidiophores of Phaeoisaria are compacted and parallel adpressed, and never become divergent in water (Liu et al. 2015; Hyde et al. 2018; Luo et al. 2018). The ellipsoidal or cylindrical, hyaline, aseptate, small conidia of N. aquatica are similar to those coelomycetous species in Nigrograna (de Gruyter et al. 2013; Jaklitsch and Voglmayr 2016). However, phylogenetic analyses showed them as distinct species. The phylogenetically closest species N. locutapollinis F. Liu & L. Cai was isolated from hive-stored pollen collected in Italian honeybee colonies, while N. aquatica was collected from submerged wood in freshwater habitats in Thailand. Morphology of N. locutapollinis was not given in protologue (Zhao et al. 2018). A comparison of their nucleotides shows that there are six and eight (including two gaps) nucleotide differences in LSU and ITS sequence data, respectively. Dong et al. (2020) introduce N. aquatica based on morpho-phylogenetic analysis and this is the first hyphomycetous species in Nigrograna. (Notes from Dong et al. 2020).

 

Freshwater distribution: Thailand (Dong et al. 2020)

 

Fig 1. Nigrograna aquatica (MFLU 17-1661, holotype). a, b Colonies on submerged wood. c–f Conidiophores with attached conidia. g, h Conidiogenous cells. i Conidia. j, k Colony on PDA (up-front, down-reverse). Scale bars: c, d = 20 μm, e = 40 μm, f, g = 10 μm, h = 3 μm, i = 5 μm

 

References

Cai L, Hyde KD, Tsui CKM (2006a) Genera of freshwater fungi. Fungal diversity research series, vol 18

Dong W, Wang B, Hyde KD, McKenzie EHC, Raja HA, Tanaka K, Abdel-Wahab MA, Abdel-Aziz FA, Doilom M, Phookamsak R, Hongsanan S, Wanasinghe DN, Yu XD, Wang GN, Yang H, Yang J, Thambugala KM, Tian Q, Luo ZL, Yang JB, Miller AN, Fournier J, Boonmee S, Hu DM, Nalumpang S, Zhang H (2020) Freshwater Dothideomycetes. Fungal Divers 105:319–575. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-020-00463-5

Hyde KD, Chaiwan N, Norphanphoun C, Boonmee S, Camporesi E, Chethana KWT, Dayarathne MC, de Silva NI, Dissanayake AJ, Ekanayaka AH, Hongsanan S, Huang SK, Jayasiri SC, Jayawardena RS, Jiang HB, Karunarathna A, Lin CG, Liu JK, Liu NG, Lu YZ, Luo ZL, Maharachchimbura SSN, Manawasinghe IS, Pem D, Perera RH, Phukhamsakda C, Samarakoon MC, Senwanna C, Shang QJ, Tennakoon DS, Thambugala KM, Tibpromma S, Wanasinghe DN, Xiao YP, Yang J, Zeng XY, Zhang JF, Zhang SN, Bulgakov TS, Bhat DJ, Cheewangkoon R, Goh TK, Jones EBG, Kang JC, Jeewon R, Liu ZY, Lumyong S, Kuo CH, McKenzie EHC, Wen TC, Yan JY, Zhao Q (2018) Mycosphere notes 169-224. Mycosphere 9:271–430. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/9/2/8

Jaklitsch WM, Voglmayr H (2016) Hidden diversity in Thyridaria and a new circumscription of the Thyridariaceae. Stud Mycol 85:35–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2016.09.002

Liu JK, Hyde KD, Jones EBG, Ariyawansa HA, Bhat DJ, Boonmee S, Maharachchikumbura SSN, McKenzie EHC, Phookamsak R, Phukhamsakda C, Shenoy BD, Abdel-Wahab MA, Buyck B, Chen J, Chethana KWT, Singtripop C, Dai DQ, Dai YC, Daranagama DA, Dissanayake AJ, Doilom M, D’souza MJ, Fan XL, Goonasekara ID, Hirayama K, Hongsanan S, Jayasiri SC, Jayawardena RS, Karunarathna SC, Li WJ, Mapook A, Norphanphoun C, Pang KL, Perera RH, Peršoh D, Pinruan U, Senanayake IC, Somrithipol S, Suetrong S, Tanaka K, Thambugala KM, Tian Q, Tibpromma S, Udayanga D, Wijayawardene NN, Wanasinghe D, Wisitrassameewong K, Zeng XY, Abdel-Aziz FA, Adamčík S, Bahkali AH, Boonyuen N, Bulgakov T, Callac P, Chomnunti P, Greiner K, Hashimoto A, Hofstetter V, Kang JC, Lewis D, Li XH, Liu XZ, Liu ZY, Matsumura M, Mortimer PE, Rambold G, Randrianjohany E, Sato G, Sri-Indrasutdhi V, Tian CM, Verbeken A, von Brackel W, Wang Y, Wen TC, Xu JC, Yan JY, Zhao RL, Camporesi E (2015) Fungal diversity notes 1–110: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal species. Fungal Divers 72:1–197. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-015-0324-y

Luo ZL, Hyde KD, Bhat DJ, Jeewon R, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Bao DF, Li WL, Su XJ, Yang XY, Su HY (2018) Morphological and molecular taxonomy of novel species Pleurotheciaceae from freshwater habitats in Yunnan, China. Mycol Prog 17:511–530. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-018-1377-6

Zhao YZ, Zhang ZF, Cai L, Peng WJ, Liu F (2018) Four new filamentous fungal species from newly- collected and hive-stored bee pollen. Mycosphere 9:1089–1116

 

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