Occultibambusa
Occultibambusa D.Q. Dai & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 82: 26 (2016)
Index Fungorum number: IF 552013; Facesoffungi number: FoF 01974
Saprobic on dead bamboo culms or submerged wood. Sexual morph: Ascostromata solitary, scattered, or in small groups, immersed under host tissue, visible as dark, round, black spots on host surface, uniloculate, subglobose or conical in section, black at ostiolar region, coriaceous, with a central papilla and rounded ostiole, internally lined with periphyses. Peridium comprising host and fungal tissues, composed of brown and thick-walled cells in outer layer, hyaline and thin-walled cells inwardly, arranged in textura angularis. Pseudoparaphyses numerous, cellular, long, hypha-like, septate. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, broadly cylindrical to clavate, with a short pedicel and an ocular chamber. Ascospores bito tri-seriate, broadly fusiform to narrowly fusiform, some with acute ends, 1-septate, slightly constricted at the septum, pale brown to brown, straight to curved (Dai et al. 2017). Asexual morph: Coelomycetous. Pycnidia eustromatic, solitary to gregarious, immersed to partly immersed, globose to subglobose, black, with a short, black papilla. Peridium comprising several layers of hyaline to dark cells of textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells enteroblastic, phialidic, determinate, ampulliform to cylindrical, hyaline, smooth-walled. Conidia oblong, rounded at the apex, aseptate, hyaline to pale brown, straight, smooth-walled (Dai et al. 2017).
Type species: Occultibambusa bambusae D.Q. Dai & K.D. Hyde
Notes: Occultibambusa species commonly occur on culms of bamboo (Hyde et al. 2016; Dai et al. 2017; Zhang et al. 2017). Occultibambusa is characterized by uniloculate ascostromata, broadly cylindrical to clavate asci and fusiform, 1-septate ascospores (Dai et al. 2017). The asexual morph developed in a culture of O. fusispora Phook. et al. with oblong, hyaline to pale brown, aseptate conidia (Dai et al. 2017). Occultibambusa species cluster in a well-supported clade, except O. fusispora and O. maolanensis Jin F. Zhang et al. cluster with Versicolorisporium triseptatum Sat. Hatak. et al. in a separated clade (Dong et al. 2020). Occultibambusa aquatica H. Zhang & K.D. Hyde was isolated from submerged bamboo in Thailand and was characterized by 1-septate ascospores which become 3-septate when germinated (Hyde et al. 2016). The two additional septa formed at maturity, and they were also observed in two other freshwater species, O. kunmingensis C.X. Liu, H. Zhang & K.D. Hyde and O. pustula D.Q. Dai & K.D. Hyde. Three freshwater species can be distinguished by ascospore size (see key below).
List of freshwater Occultibambusa species
Occultibambusa aquatica H. Zhang & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 80: 81 (2016)
Freshwater distribution: Thailand (Hyde et al. 2016)
Occultibambusa kunmingensis C.X. Liu, H. Zhang & K.D. Hyde
Freshwater distribution: China (Dong et al. 2020)
Occultibambusa pustula D.Q. Dai & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 82: 30 (2016)
Freshwater distribution: China (Dong et al. 2020)
Key to freshwater Occultibambusa species
1. Ascospores 32–40 × 5–6.5 μm............................................... O. kunmingensis
1. Ascospores <32 μm long.............................................................................. 2
2. Ascospores have two dark brown central cells and hyaline to pale brown end cells when mature O. pustula
2. Ascospores are evenly coloured when mature................................. O. aquatica
References
Dong W, Wang B, Hyde KD, McKenzie EHC, Raja HA, Tanaka K, Abdel-Wahab MA, Abdel-Aziz FA, Doilom M, Phookamsak R, Hongsanan S, Wanasinghe DN, Yu XD, Wang GN, Yang H, Yang J, Thambugala KM, Tian Q, Luo ZL, Yang JB, Miller AN, Fournier J, Boonmee S, Hu DM, Nalumpang S, Zhang H (2020) Freshwater Dothideomycetes. Fungal Divers 105:319–575. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-020-00463-5
Hyde KD, Hongsanan S, Jeewon R, Bhat DJ, McKenzie EHC, Jones EBG, Phookamsak R, Ariyawansa HA, Boonmee S, Zhao Q, Abdel-Aziz FA, Abdel-Wahab MA, Banmai S, Chomnunti P, Cui BK, Daranagama DA, Das K, Dayarathne MC, de Silva NI, Dissanayake AJ, Doilom M, Ekanayaka AH, Gibertoni TB, Góes-Neto A, Huang SK, Jayasiri SC, Jayawardena RS, Konta S, Lee HB, Li WJ, Lin CG, Liu JK, Lu YZ, Luo ZL, Manawasinghe IS, Manimohan P, Mapook A, Niskanen T, Norphanphoun C, Papizadeh M, Perera RH, Phukhamsakda C, Richter C, André ALCM, Drechsler-Santos ER, Senanayake IC, Tanaka K, Tennakoon TMDS, Thambugala KM, Tian Q, Tibpromma S, Thongbai B, Vizzini A, Wanasinghe DN, Wijayawardene NN, Wu HX, Yang J, Zeng XY, Zhang H, Zhang JF, Bulgakov TS, Camporesi E, Bahkali AH, Amoozegar MA, Araujo-Neta LS, Ammirati JF, Baghela A, Bhatt RP, Bojantchev D, Buyck B, da Silva GA, de Lima CLF, de Oliveira RJV, de Souza CAF, Dai YC, Dima B, Duong TT, Ercole E, Mafalda-Freire F, Ghosh A, Hashimoto A, Kamolhan S, Kang JC, Karunarathna SC, Kirk PM, Kytövuori I, Lantieri A, Liimatainen K, Liu ZY, Liu XZ, Lücking R, Medardi G, Mortimer PE, Nguyen TTT, Promputtha I, Raj KNA, Reck MA, Lumyong S, Shahzadeh-Fazeli SA, Stadler M, Soudi MR, Su HY, Takahashi T, Tangthirasunun N, Uniyal P, Wang Y, Wen TC, Xu JC, Zhang ZK, Zhao YC, Zhou JL, Zhu L (2016) Fungal diversity notes 367–490: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa. Fungal Divers 80:1–270. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-016-0373-x
Zhang JF, Liu JK, Hyde KD, Yang W, Liu ZY (2017) Fungi from Asian Karst formations II. Two new species of Occultibambusa (Occultibambusaceae, Dothideomycetes) from karst landforms of China. Mycosphere 8:550–559. https://doi.org/10.5943/MYCOSPHERE/8/4/4
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