Pleosporales » Pleomassariaceae

Splanchnonema

Splanchnonema Corda

Index Fungorum number: IF 5153; Facesoffungi number: FoF 06437

 

Saprobic on wood or lichens in terrestrial or submerged wood in freshwater habitats. Sexual morph: Ascomata medium to large, solitary or scattered, immersed in a pseudostroma or superficial, uniloculate, globose to flattened subglobose, lobate to generally reniform, dark brown to black, with a small ostiole appearing on the host surface, sometimes carbonized at the whole upper. Peridium thin. Pseudoparaphyses dense, cellular, hyaline, septate, anastomosing and branching, embedded in a matrix. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, clavate to broadly cylindrical, short pedicellate. Ascospores uni- to bi-seriate, clavate with a rounded apex and acute base, or obovoid, reddish brown, septate, constricted at the septa, usually asymmetrical, thin-walled, with or without sheath. Asexual morph: Myxocyclus Riess, Stegonsporium Corda, Macrodiplodiopsis Petr. and Helminthosporium Link. Description from Dong et al. 2020)

 

Type species: Splanchnonema pustulatum Corda

 

Notes: Splanchnonema, an old genus, comprises over 40 epithets in Index Fungorum (2020). Pleomassaria was treated as a synonym of Splanchnonema (Barr 1993), but not accepted by some authors (Zhang et al. 2012). Pleomassaria was suppressed and replaced by Prosthemium Kunze (Wijayawardene et al. 2014) based on the phylogenetic results where the type species of both genera (P. siparia (Berk. & Broome) Sacc. and P. betulinum Kunze) grouped together in a monophyletic clade (Tanaka et al. 2010). Splanchnonema was accepted as a member of Pleomassariaceae based on phylogeny (Hyde et al. 2013; Liu et al. 2015) and followed by Wijayawardene et al. (2018, 2020). The asexual morphs of this genus are generally coelomycetous although some are hyphomycetous (Subramanian and Sekar 1987), but not shown by molecular data. The freshwater species Splanchnonema britzelmayrianum (Rehm) Boise is characterized by spherical ascomata with a short papilla, cylindric-clavate asci, and obovoid, brown, 7–8-septate, minutely punctate ascospores (Boise 1985). The phylogenetic placement of S. britzelmayrianum in Splanchnonema needs to be confirmed with molecular data. (Notes from Dong et al. 2020)

 

List of freshwater Splanchnonema species

Splanchnonema britzelmayrianum (Rehm) Boise [as ‘britzelmayriana’], Mycotaxon 22(2): 480 (1985)

Basionym:Melanomma megalosporum var. britzelmayrianum Rehm, Hedwigia 20(3): 51 (1881)

Trematosphaeria britzelmayriana (Rehm) Sacc., Syll. fung. (Abellini) 2: 120 (1883)

Freshwater distribution: Hungary (Révay and Gönczöl 1990)

 

References

Barr ME (1993) Notes on the Pleomassariaceae. Mycotaxon 49:129–142

Boise J (1985) New combinations in the Pleomassariaceae and the Massarinaceae. Mycotaxon 22:477–482

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Révay A, Gönczöl J (1990) Longitudinal distribution and colonization patterns of wood-inhabiting fungi in a mountain stream in Hungary. Nova Hedwigia 51:505–520

Subramanian CV, Sekar G (1987) Three bitunicate ascomycetes and their anamorphs. Kavaka 15:87–98

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