Pleosporales

Tetraplosphaeriaceae

Tetraplosphaeriaceae Kaz. Tanaka & K. Hiray.

Index Fungorum number: IF 515253; Facesoffungi number: FoF 06665, 41 species.

 

Mostly saprobic on decaying bamboo, some soil and water inhabiting. Sexual morph: Ascomata scattered to clustered, immersed to superficial, globose to subglobose, or oval to elongate, glabrous or with brown hyphae at sides. Beak absent or short-papillate to cylindrical, central, with periphyses. Peridium composed of rectangular to polygonal or cylindrical, hyaline to brown cells, sometimes with rim-like structure at the sides. Hamathecium comprising septate, branched, cellular or trabeculate pseudoparaphyses. Asci 8-spored, fissitunicate, cylindrical to clavate, short-stalked, sometimes with an ocular chamber. Ascospores 1–2-seriate, narrowly fusiform to broadly cylindrical, straight or slightly curved, hyaline to pale brown, 1–3-septate, constricted at the septum, smooth, surrounded by an entire mucilaginous sheath or narrow appendage-like sheath. Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous. Colonies on natural substrate effuse, black, scattered. Conidiophores micronematous to macronematous, erect, unbranched, septate, brown. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, terminal or indistinguishable from creeping hyphae. Conidia solitary, globose to long obpyriform, composed of 3–8 columns or internal hyphal structure, brown to dark brown, mostly verrucose at the base, with 2–8 setose appendages arising from apical or/and basal part.

 

Type genus: Tetraploa Berk. & Broome.

 

Notes: Tanaka et al. (2009) established Tetraplosphaeriaceae typified by Tetraplosphaeria to accommodate five new genera, Polyplosphaeria, Pseudotetraploa, Quadricrura, Tetraplosphaeria and Triplosphaeria. However, Tetraplosphaeria was treated as a synonym of Tetraploa due to nomenclatural priority. Most Tetraplosphaeriaceae species were reported from bamboo (Tanaka et al. 2009, Li et al. 2016), while Tetraploa species occur on diverse hosts (Hyde et al. 2013). Species in this family have massarina-like sexual morphs which are characterized by hyaline, 1–3-septate ascospores surrounded by sheath, and asexual morphs which are characterized by conidia with setose appendages (Tanaka et al. 2009, Hyde et al. 2013, Tibpromma et al. 2018).

 

Key to freshwater genera of Tetraplosphaeriaceae

1. Conidia cylindrical........................................................................... Tetraploa

1. Conidia not as above.................................................................................. 2

2. Conidia variable in shape, but often obconical or pyriform............ Ernakulamia

2. Conidia ovoid to obpyriform, or subglobose................................................ 3

3. Conidia with apical appendages................................................ Triplosphaeria

3. Conidia not as above................................................................ Shrungabeeja

 

References

Hyde KD, Jones EBG, Liu JK, Ariyawansa H, Boehm E, Boonmee S, Braun U, Chomnunti P, Crous PW, Dai DQ, Diederich P, Dissanayake A, Doilom M, Doveri F, Hongsanan S, Jayawardena R, Lawrey JD, Li YM, Liu YX, Lücking R, Monkai J, Muggia L, Nelsen MP, Pang KL, Phookamsak R, Senanayake IC, Shearer CA, Suetrong S, Tanaka K, Thambugala KM, Wijayawardene NN, Wikee S, Wu HX, Zhang Y, Aguirre-Hudson B, Alias SA, Aptroot A, Bahkali AH, Bezerra JL, Bhat DJ, Camporesi E, Chukeatirote E, Gueidan C, Hawksworth DL, Hirayama K, De Hoog S, Kang JC, Knudsen K, Li WJ, Li XH, Liu ZY, Mapook A, McKenzie EHC, Miller AN, Mortimer PE, Phillips AJL, Raja HA, Scheuer C, Schumm F, Taylor JE, Tian Q, Tibpromma S, Wanasinghe DN, Wang Y, Xu JC, Yacharoen S, Yan JY, Zhang M (2013) Families of Dothideomycetes. Fungal Divers 63:1–313. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-013-0263-4

Li GJ, Hyde KD, Zhao RL, Hongsanan S, Abdel-Aziz FA, Abdel-Wahab MA, Alvarado P, Alves-Silva G, Ammirati JF, Ariyawansa HA, Baghela A, Bahkali AH, Beug M, Bhat DJ, Bojantchev D, Boonpratuang T, Bulgakov TS, Camporesi E, Boro MC, Ceska O, Chakraborty D, Chen JJ, Chethana KWT, Chomnunti P, Consiglio G, Cui BK, Dai DQ, Dai YC, Daranagama DA, Das K, Dayarathne MC, De Crop E, De Oliveira RJV, de Souza CAF, de Souza JI, Dentinger BTM, Dissanayake AJ, Doilom M, Drechsler-Santos ER, Ghobad-Nejhad M, Gilmore SP, Góes-Neto A, Gorczak M, Haitjema CH, Hapuarachchi KK, Hashimoto A, He MQ, Henske JK, Hirayama K, Iribarren MJ, Jayasiri SC, Jayawardena RS, Jeon SJ, Jerônimo GH, Jesus AL, Jones EBG, Kang JC, Karunarathna SC, Kirk PM, Konta S, Kuhnert E, Langer E, Lee HS, Lee HB, Li WJ, Li XH, Liimatainen K, Lima DX, Lin CG, Liu JK, Liu XZ, Liu ZY, Luangsa-ard JJ, Lücking R, Lumbsch HT, Lumyong S, Leaño EM, Marano A V., Matsumura M, McKenzie EHC, Mongkolsamrit S, Mortimer PE, Nguyen TTT, Niskanen T, Norphanphoun C, O’Malley MA, Parnmen S, Pawłowska J, Perera RH, Phookamsak R, Phukhamsakda C, Pires-Zottarelli CLA, Raspé O, Reck MA, Rocha SCO, de Santiago ALCMA, Senanayake IC, Setti L, Shang QJ, Singh SK, Sir EB, Solomon K V., Song J, Srikitikulchai P, Stadler M, Suetrong S, Takahashi H, Takahashi T, Tanaka K, Tang LP, Thambugala KM, Thanakitpipattana D, Theodorou MK, Thongbai B, Thummarukcharoen T, Tian Q, Tibpromma S, Verbeken A, Vizzini A, Vlasák J, Voigt K, Wanasinghe DN, Wang Y, Weerakoon G, Wen HA, Wen TC, Wijayawardene NN, Wongkanoun S, Wrzosek M, Xiao YP, Xu JC, Yan JY, Yang J, Da Yang S, Hu Y, Zhang JF, Zhao J, Zhou LW, Peršoh D, Phillips AJL, Maharachchikumbura SSN (2016) Fungal diversity notes 253–366: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa. Fungal Divers 78:1–237. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-016-0366-9

Tanaka K, Hirayama K, Yonezawa H, Hatakeyama S, Harada Y, Sano T, Shirouzu T, Hosoya T (2009) Molecular taxonomy of bambusicolous fungi: Tetraplosphaeriaceae, a new pleosporalean family with Tetraploa-like anamorphs. Stud Mycol 64:175–209. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2009.64.10

Tibpromma S, Hyde KD, McKenzie EHC, Bhat DJ, Phillips AJL, Wanasinghe DN, Samarakoon MC, Jayawardena RS, Dissanayake AJ, Tennakoon DS, Doilom M, Phookamsak R, Tang AMC, Xu J, Mortimer PE, Promputtha I, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Khan S, Karunarathna SC (2018) Fungal diversity notes 840–928: micro-fungi associated with Pandanaceae. Fungal Divers 93:1–160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-018-0408-6

 

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