Falciformispora
Falciformispora K.D. Hyde
Index Fungorum number: IF 25457; Facesoffungi number: FoF 08382
Saprobic on submerged wood, intertidal mangrove wood, dead wood or isolated from mycetoma of humans. Sexual morph: Ascomata solitary or gregarious, erumpent becoming superficial, subglobose or ovoid, glabrous, black, coriaceous, ostiolate. Peridium two-layered, outer layer composed of thick-walled angular or rounded brown cells, inner layer composed of elongate, hyaline cells. Pseudoparaphyses numerous, cellular, narrowly cylindrical, septate, anastomosing. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, clavate, pedicellate, with an ocular chamber. Ascospores bi- to tri-seriate, fusiform, hyaline, multiseptate, surrounded by a thin mucilage sheath with or without a single scythe-like appendage (Hyde 1992). Asexual morph: Undetermined. (Description from Dong et al. 2020)
Type species: Falciformispora lignatilis K.D. Hyde
Notes: Falciformispora was introduced to accommodate F. lignatilis collected from intertidal mangrove wood (Hyde 1992). Falciformispora is characterized by fusiform, hyaline, multiseptate ascospores surrounded by a mucilaginous sheath and appendage (Hyde 199). Falciformispora lignatilis was later collected from freshwater habitats in USA (Raja et al. 2009). It differs from another freshwater species F. aquatica D.F. Bao et al. in having smaller asci (110–136 × 20–32 µm vs. 115–167 × 28–47 µm) and ascospores (42–50 × 7.5–10 µm vs. 48–59 × 10–16 µm) (Hyde et al. 2019). Both F. aquatica and F. lignatilis have a single scythe-like appendage, while F. uttaraditense Boonmee et al. lacks this character (Hyde et al. 2020). Falciformispora uttaraditense was introduced based solely on ITS sequence data and morphology (Hyde et al. 2020). (Description from Dong et al. 2020)
List of freshwater Falciformispora species
Falciformispora aquatica D.F. Bao, K.D. Hyde & H.Y. Su, Fungal Diversity 96: 73 (2019)
Freshwater distribution: Thailand (Hyde et al. 2019)
Falciformispora lignatilis K.D. Hyde, Mycol. Res. 96(1): 27 (1992)
Freshwater distribution: USA (Raja et al. 2009)
Falciformispora uttaraditensis Boonmee & Huanraluek, Fungal Diversity 100: 127 (2020)
Freshwater distribution: Thailand (Hyde et al. 2020)
Key to freshwater Falciformispora species
1. Ascospores without a single scythe-like appendage F. uttaraditense
1. Ascospores with a single scythe-like appendage 2
2. Ascospores 48–59 × 10–16 µm F. aquatica
2. Ascospores 42–50 × 7.5–10 µm F. lignatilis
References
Hyde KD (1992) Intertidal mangrove fungi from the west coast of Mexico, including one new genus and two new species. Mycol Res 96:25–30
Hyde KD, Dong Y, Phookamsak R, Jeewon R, Bhat DJ, Jones EBG, Liu NG, Abeywickrama PD, Mapook A, Wei D, Perera RH, Manawasinghe IS, Pem D, Bundhun D, Karunarathna A, Ekanayaka AH, Bao DF, Li J, Samarakoon MC, Chaiwan N, Lin CG, Phutthacharoen K, Zhang SN, Senanayake IC, Goonasekara ID, Thambugala KM, Phukhamsakda C, Tennakoon DS, Jiang HB, Yang J, Zeng M, Huanraluek N, Liu JK, Wijesinghe SN, Tian Q, Tibpromma S, Brahmanage RS, Boonmee S, Huang SK, Thiyagaraja V, Lu YZ, Jayawardena RS, Dong W, Yang EF, Singh SK, Singh SM, Rana S, Lad SS, Anand G, Devadatha B, Niranjan M, Sarma VV, Liimatainen K, Aguirre-Hudson B, Niskanen T, Overall A, Alvarenga RLM, Gibertoni TB, Pfliegler WP, Horváth E, Imre A, Alves AL, da Silva Santos AC, Tiago PV, Bulgakov TS, Wanasinghe DN, Bahkali AH, Doilom M, Elgorban AM, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Rajeshkumar KC, Haelewaters D, Mortimer PE, Zhao Q, Lumyong S, Xu J, Sheng J (2020) Fungal diversity notes 1151–1276: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa. Fungal Divers 100:5–277
Hyde KD, Tennakoon DS, Jeewon R, Bhat DJ, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Rossi W, Leonardi M, Lee HB, Mun HY, Houbraken J, Nguyen TTT, Jeon SJ, Frisvad JC, Wanasinghe DN, Lücking R, Aptroot A, Cáceres MES, Karunarathna SC, Hongsanan S, Phookamsak R, de Silva NI, Thambugala KM, Jayawardena RS, Senanayake IC, Boonmee S, Chen J, Luo ZL, Phukhamsakda C, Pereira OL, Abreu VP, Rosado AWC, Bart B, Randrianjohany E, Hofstetter V, Gibertoni TB, Soares AMdS, Plautz HL, Sotão HMP, Xavier WKS, Bezerra JDP, de Oliveira TGL, de Souza-Motta CM, Magalhães OMC, Bundhun D, Harishchandra D, Manawasinghe IS, Dong W, Zhang SN, Bao DF, Samarakoon MC, Pem D, Karunarathna A, Lin CG, Yang J, Perera RH, Kumar V, Huang SK, Dayarathne MC, Ekanayaka AH, Jayasiri SC, Xiao Y, Konta S, Niskanen T, Liimatainen K, Dai YC, Ji XH, Tian XM, Mešić A, Singh SK, Phutthacharoen K, Cai L, Sorvongxay T, Thiyagaraja V, Norphanphoun C, Chaiwan N, Lu YZ, Jiang HB, Zhang JF, Abeywickrama PD, Aluthmuhandiram JVS, Brahmanage RS, Zeng M, Chethana T, Wei D, Réblová M, Fournier J, Nekvindová J, do Nascimento Barbosa R, dos Santos JEF, de Oliveira NT, Li GJ, Ertz D, Shang QJ, Phillips AJL, Kuo CH, Camporesi E, Bulgakov TS, Lumyong S, Jones EBG, Chomnunti P, Gentekaki E, Bungartz F, Zeng XY, Fryar S, Tkalčec Z, Liang J, Li G, Wen TC, Singh PN, Gafforov Y, Promputtha I, Yasanthika E, Goonasekara ID, Zhao RL, Zhao Q, Kirk PM, Liu JK, Yan J, Mortimer PE, Xu J, Doilom M (2019) Fungal diversity notes 1036–1150: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa. Fungal Divers 96:1–242
Raja HA, Schmit JP, Shearer CA (2009) Latitudinal, habitat and substrate distribution patterns of freshwater ascomycetes in the Florida Peninsula. Biodivers Conserv 18:419–455
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